A Mylar speaker (typically referring to a speaker with a Mylar diaphragm) operates through the following electromechanical principles:
1. Core Components
Mylar Diaphragm: A thin, lightweight polyester film (usually 6–100μm thick) that vibrates to produce sound.
Voice Coil: Attached to the diaphragm, it moves within a permanent magnet's field when current flows.
Magnet Assembly: Provides the static magnetic field for the voice coil to interact with.
Suspension System: Surrounds the diaphragm, maintaining alignment and restoring it to neutral position.
2. Working Principle
Electrical Signal Input
An audio signal (AC current) passes through the voice coil, creating a varying electromagnetic field.
Electromagnetic Force Generation
The coil's field interacts with the permanent magnet's field, producing Lorentz force that moves the coil back/forth.
Diaphragm Vibration
The attached Mylar diaphragm moves with the coil, displacing air to create sound waves:
High frequencies: Mylar's stiffness enables fast response for treble.
Low frequencies: Limited by Mylar's low mass but small displacement.
Sound Radiation
Air pressure waves propagate from the vibrating diaphragm to your ears.
3. Why Mylar? Key Material Advantages
| Property | Benefit |
|---|---|
| High stiffness-to-weight ratio | Accurate high-frequency reproduction |
| Excellent damping | Reduced distortion at resonant frequencies |
| Moisture resistance | Long-term stability in humid environments |
| Low creep | Maintains shape under prolonged stress |
4. Common Applications
Tweeters: Where high-frequency response is critical (e.g., dome tweeters).
Earphones/Headphones: Balanced armature drivers often use Mylar diaphragms.
Ultrasonic Transducers: Medical imaging devices leverage Mylar's fast response.
5. Limitations
Bass response: Requires larger diaphragms or supplemental woofers due to limited excursion.
Cost: More expensive than paper/polypropylene in mass-market applications.
For context: Mylar (biaxially oriented PET) is favored when precision > cost, unlike consumer speakers where polypropylene dominates. Its performance sits between metal (beryllium) and soft fabric domes.
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